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modifications
Modifications
→Generator choice
''Pour la traduction française, voyez '''[[Micro-éolienne à axe horizontal imprimée en 3D|ici]]'''.
[[Fichier:micro_eolienne_rotor1.jpg|Micro-éolienne|300px|right]]
The main function of the nacelle is to maintain the generator in position and to maintain all the assembly stable on the top of the tower. The tail fin is also fixed on the nacelle. It will orientate the hub en front of the wind. We decided to use the 3D printing to create an original shape. Indeed, 3D printing allows the design of pieces that would be extremely expensive to create with classic manufacturing means. The shape we designed uses the Venturi effect to create an air flux on the surface or the generator. It permits to cool it more efficiently and so to increase the general efficiency. The ABS is a thermoplastic and doesn't resist at high temperatures. In our project, the uses of this type of cooling turned out to be necessary. The assembly of the nacelle is shown on the hereby picture.
==Manufacturing& Assembly== The different pieces we designed during the project are available in CAD format and stl format. The first format allows anybody who would like to do it to improve the pieces or to try new designs. The second one is the format used by most 3D printers. It allows the direct printing of the prototype. The main parameters that we used for the manufacturing of the pieces are the printing precision and the filling. Regarding precision, we used the best precision available on the Up Mini, layers of 0.2mm. The precision is important for the profiles of the blades because it influences the aerodynamics. The Up Mini has 4 different filling parameters: negligible, slight, medium and full. We used te medium filling for most of the pieces. It allowed to obtain pieces sufficiently resistant for reasonable masses and costs. Moreover, it was important not to weigh down the blades to limit centrifugal stresses. The only pieces fully filled are:* the hub part that transmits the torque because it is the piece more inclined to delamination* the parts of the nacelle that constrain the generator because they also suffer important stresses The assembly of the different parts is simple:* blades are assembled with threaded rods and M3 nuts. Keys used to guide the assembly have a parallelipiped shape with a 4mm side. (see technical drawings for all lengths (it depends on the set of blades choosen)).* All others bolts and nuts used in our design are M5 (lengths are available on technical drawings)
==Tests==
===Test bench===
The schematic of our test bench can be found hereinbelow. The generator output is triphased, we passed in DC with a rectifier. A boost converter is then placed followed by a resistive charge. This boost allows to vary the charge seen by the windturbine. So we can fix any rotational speed at any imposed wind speed. We know in real time the rotational speed of our windturbine thanks to the encoder connected to the generator. Based on the real time rotational speed, we regulate the boost duty cycle with a Proportional Integral control.
[[Fichier:Regulation_bis.png|Regulation|400px|center]]
===Results at the ''von Karman Institute''===
The different results obtained at the Von Karman Institute can be analysed. They represent the evolution of the power coefficient ( percentage of the wind power converted in mechanical power) function of the tip speed ratio ( ratio between the speed at the end of the blades and the wind speed). The tip speed ratio of design was 3. We can see on our graphs that the power coefficient maximum is obtained for a tip speed ratio near the designed one. The power coefficient reaches 0.4 for the first set of blades and 0.38 for the second one. These values equal or exceed the values of others small wind turbines with which we compared our prototype.
[[Fichier:vki1.png|Micro-éolienne|400px|center]]
[[Fichier:vki2.png|Micro-éolienne|400px|center]]
==Replicability==
=== Generator choice === Normally, any DC generator can be used if the design of the nacelle is adapted. It has to be kept in mind that the nominal rotational speed of the set of blades and his nominal torque must remain lower than those of the generator. Indeed, if the rotational speed exceed its maximum value, it may cause dommages to the generator. If the torque exceed the maximum one, it will be impossible to brake the wind turbine and will cause the destrution of the generator. The designed rotational speed is fixed by the tip speed ratio for the nominal wind speed. The maximum torque is given by the matlab program for any type of set of blades. === Blades design === Thanks to our matlab program (available in file section), it is possible for everyone to create his own set of blades. Several parameters can be modified and put in arguments: profile type, radius of the blades, designed wind speed and designed wind speed ratio. === Regulation === == Files ===
[[Fichier:thesis.pdf|pdf du mémoire]]
[[Catégoriehttps:Projets]//makilab.org/sites/default/files/microwindturbine_CAD_Igot_Snyers.zip CAO files]